What is TCP/IP

TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol and IP stands for Internet Protocols are the internet protocols. It is a networking protocol that allows two computers to communicate. The Internet protocols suite provides end-to-end data communication specifying how data should be packetized, addressed, transmitted, routed, and received. It has the four layers:- Network interface, Internet, Transport and Application.

TCP(Transmission Control Protocol):-

The top layer, TCP, is responsible for taking large amounts of data, compiling it into packets and sending them on their way to be received by a fellow TCP layer, which turns the packets into useful information/data.

IP(Internet Protocols):-

The bottom layer, IP, is the locational aspect of the pair allowing the packets of information to be sent and received to the correct location. IP layer serves as the packet GPS to find the correct destination. Each packet passes through a gateway computer, which serve to forward the packets to the right destination.

How it works:-

As mentioned above TCP is responsible for taking data from a computer and sends it to the other computer through a route, here IP a route for TCP on which way the data has to be send. IP contains the address of the computers hence work as a delivery man to deliver the data to computers. They are connected to each, that is the reason the why TCP and IP relate with each other.

Below is the image about how TCP/IP works:-

There are four layers of TCP/IP:-

1. Datalink layer:-

The datalink layer also the link layer, network interface layer or physical layer which handles the physical parts of computers for sending and receiving data using Ethernet cable, wireless network, network interface card, and so on.

2. Internet layer:-

The Internet layer (also called the network layer) controls the movement of packets around the network.

3. Transport layer:-

The transport layer is provides data connection between two devices. It divides data in packets, acknowledges the packet that it has send and successfully received by other computer.

4. Application layer:-

The application layer is the group of application that require network communication. It is typically a user interface such as email and messaging. Because the lower layer handles the details of communication, the application don’t need to concern themselves with this.

Are your packets private:-

No, packets are not encrypted by default it needs to be encrypted. This is reason why public wifi are not recommended to use because your data is public and viewable on the network and hackers can access your data without knowing you.

Then how to avoid this?

To encrypt your data you must VPN (Virtual Private Network) used to encrypt your data over a network. But the thing is that VPN can also be vulnerable, that is reason why it is not recommended to use free VPN. Use better and trusted VPN to encrypt your data and stay. You can install antivirus software that provides you VPN.

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